Isingeniso:
Amabhethri e-lithiumzithathe ukunaka komhlaba wonke futhi zazuza uMklomelo KaNobel ohlonishwayo ngenxa yezicelo zazo ezingokoqobo, ezibe nomthelela omkhulu kukho kokubili ukuthuthukiswa kwebhethri nomlando womuntu. Ngakho-ke, kungani amabhethri e-lithium athola ukunakwa okungaka emhlabeni futhi aze awine uMklomelo KaNobel?
Isihluthulelo sokuqonda ukubaluleka kwamabhethri e-lithium sisezintweni zawo eziyingqayizivele kanye nomthelela oguquguqukayo abe nawo kubuchwepheshe nomphakathi. Ngokungafani namabhethri endabuko, ancike ekusebenzeni kwamakhemikhali afaka izinsimbi ezinzima njengomthofu noma i-cadmium, amabhethri e-lithium asebenzisa ama-ion e-lithium ukuze agcine futhi akhulule amandla. Lo mklamo unikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, ukuphila isikhathi eside, namandla okushaja ngokushesha, okuwenza abe yinketho ekahle yezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi.
Isizathu esenza amabhethri e-lithium adume
Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokunakwa nokunconywa okusabaleleamabhethri e-lithiumyindima yabo ekwenzeni ukuba kwandiswe izinto zikagesi eziphathwayo. Ukufika kwama-smartphone, amaphilisi, namanye amagajethi eselula kuye kwaguqula ukuxhumana, ezokuzijabulisa, kanye nokukhiqiza, futhi amabhethri e-lithium abe nesandla ekunikeni amandla lawa madivayisi. Idizayini yabo engasindi futhi ehlangene, ehambisana nekhono labo lokuletha amandla athembekile nahlala isikhathi eside, ibenze babaluleke kakhulu esikhathini samanje sedijithali.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhuphuka kwezimoto zikagesi (EVs) kuqhubekisele phambili ukuvelela kwamabhethri e-lithium. Njengoba umhlaba ufuna ukugudluka kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi futhi unciphise ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, ama-EV avele njengendlela ethembisayo esikhundleni sezimoto ezivamile zenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Okubalulekile empumelelweni yama-EV amabhethri e-lithium asebenza kakhulu akwazi ukugcina nokuletha amandla amakhulu adingekayo ekushayeleni ibanga elide. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium-ion obuseqophelweni eliphezulu kube yimbangela yokukhula ngokushesha kwemakethe yezimoto zikagesi, kudonse ukunaka okukhulu kubatshalizimali, abenzi benqubomgomo kanye nomphakathi.
Amabhethri e-lithium aqhubekayo
Ngaphezu kwezicelo zabo kuma-electronics abathengi kanye nezokuthutha, amabhethri e-lithium nawo adlale indima ebalulekile ekuhlanganisweni kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, njengamandla elanga nawomoya, kugridi kagesi. Amasistimu okugcina amandla asekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-lithium-ion anikeze amandla ukuthwebula nokusetshenziswa kahle kwamandla avuselelekayo ngezikhathi ezithile, okusiza ukuzinzisa igridi kanye nokunciphisa ukuthembela ekuphehleni kwamandla asekelwe kuphethiloli. Lo mnikelo oguqukweni olubheke engqalasizinda yezamandla esimeme futhi eqinile uye waphakamisa kakhulu isimoamabhethri e-lithiumesiteji somhlaba.
Ukuqashelwa kwamabhethri e-lithium ngomklomelo weNobel kuKhemistry ngo-2019 kugcizelele umthelela ojulile walobu buchwepheshe emhlabeni. Umklomelo wanikezwa uJohn B. Goodenough, M. Stanley Whittingham, no-Akira Yoshino ngomsebenzi wabo wokuphayona ekuthuthukiseni amabhethri e-lithium-ion, bevuma iminikelo yabo ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla. IKomidi likaNobel liqokomise ukubaluleka kwamabhethri e-lithium ekubhekaneni nezinselelo zokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokwenza lula ukuguqukela ekusaseni lamandla esimeme kakhudlwana.
Ikusasa lamabhethri e-lithium
Ukubheka phambili, ukunakwa nokutuswa okutholwe nguamabhethri e-lithiumkungenzeka ziqhubeke njengoba abacwaningi kanye nababambiqhaza bemboni bezama ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwabo, ukuphepha, nokusimama kwemvelo. Imizamo eqhubekayo yokwandisa ukuminyana kwamandla, ukunciphisa izindleko, kanye nokuthuthukisa izinqubo zokugaywa kabusha kuzobaluleka ekuqinisekiseni ukuhambisana okuqhubekayo nomthelela wamabhethri e-lithium endaweni yobuchwepheshe eguqukayo ngokushesha.
Sengiphetha, ukunaka nokuqashelwa okutholwe amabhethri e-lithium kuphuma endimeni yawo ebalulekile ekunikeni amandla uguquko lwedijithali, ukushayela ukufakwa kukagesi kwezokuthutha, kanye nokwenza kusebenze ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Umklomelo kaNobel oklonyeliswe kwabasunguli bobuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium usebenza njengobufakazi bethonya elijulile lalokhu kuqanjwa kabusha emhlabeni. Njengoba umphakathi uqhubeka nokwamukela amandla ahlanzekile nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, amabhethri e-lithium alungele ukuhlala ephambili ekunakeni komhlaba wonke kanye nokusha, akha ikusasa lokugcina amandla nokusimama.
Uma unemibuzo noma ungathanda ukufunda okwengeziwe, sicela ungangabazifinyelela kithi.
Isicelo sekhotheshini:
U-Jacqueline:jacqueline@heltec-bms.com/ +86 185 8375 6538
Sucre:sucre@heltec-bms.com/ +86 136 8844 2313
U-Nancy:nancy@heltec-bms.com/ +86 184 8223 7713
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-22-2024